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Chapter 17 Social Studies Vocabulary and Notes Vocabulary Anaconda Plan The Unions three-part plan for defeating the Confederacy in the Civil War black codes Laws passed by the Southern states after the Civil War that severely limited the rights of the newly freed African Americans blockade The closing of an area, especially during wartime, to keep people or supplies from moving in or out. Civil War In the United States, the war between the Union and the Confederacy from 1861 to 1865 Emancipation Proclamation An official announcement issued by President Abraham Lincoln in 1862 that led to the end of slavery in the United States Freedmens Bureau A government agency created in 1865 that provided food, schools, and medical care for freed slaves and others in the South Fifteenth Amendment says that no citizen can be denied the right to vote because of color or race. Fourteenth Amendment An amendment to the Constitution, ratified in 1868, that officially established blacks as citizens with the same legal rights as whites Gettysburg Address The speech made by President Lincoln at the site of the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, explaining the purpose of the Civil War impeach To charge a government official with wrongdoing Jim Crow laws Laws passed by Southern states after Reconstruction that established segregation, or separation of the races. Ku Klux Klan A secret society formed by white Southerners to terrorize blacks following the Civil War Reconstruction The period following the Civil War in which Congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and bring the Southern states back into the Union segregation The separation of people, usually based on race or religion sharecropping A system common in the South in the late 1800s and early 1900s in which farmers rented land from a landowner by promising to pay the owner with a share of their crop. Thirteenth Amendment An amendment to the Constitution, ratified in 1865, that abolished slavery total war An all out war to destroy peoples ability and will to fight. People Clara Barton Nurse for the Union forces during the Civil War known as the Angel of the Battlefield. She later founded the American Red Cross Blanche K. Bruce The first African American to serve a full term in the United States Senate from 1875 to 1881 Ulysses S. Grant The 18th President of the United States from 1869 1877. He was Commander of the Union Army from 1864 to 1865 Thomas Stonewall Jackson Confederate general who played an important role in the Confederate victories at both Battles of Bull Run Robert E. Lee United States Army officer who commanded the Confederate Army during the Civil War Abraham Lincoln The 16th President of the United States from 1861 1865 who led the country during the Civil War. He wrote the Gettysburg Address and was known as the Great Emancipator. Robert Gould Shaw Union commander of the first African American volunteer regiment in 1863 William Tecumseh Sherman Union general whose destructive march through Georgia in 1864 helped defeat the Confederacy Places *Antietam A creek near the town of Sharpsburg, Maryland, site of a major Civil War battle in 1862 Appomattox Court House A place in central Virginia, where Confederate General Lee surrendered to Union General Grant in 1865, ending the Civil War Atlanta Capital and largest city in the state of Georgia *Bull Run A stream in northeastern Virginia near Washington, D.D.; site of two major Civil War battles in which the Union forces were defeated Fort Sumter A fort guarding the entrance to Charleston Harbor, South Carolina; site of the first battle of the Civil War Fort Wagner A fort on Morris Island in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina *Gettysburg A town in south-central Pennsylvania, site of a major Union victory during the Civil War Petersburg A city in southeaster Virginia Richmond Capital of Virginia; Confederate capital from 1861 to 1865 Shiloh The site of a bloody Union victory in southwestern Tennessee in 1862 *Vicksburg A city in west-central Mississippi on the Mississippi River, site of a major battle during the Civil War. Be familiar with one of the starred places to describe the battle that took place there. |
