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Chapter 16 Social Studies Vocabulary and Notes Vocabulary abolitionist – a person who wanted to end slavery in the United States Compromise of 1850 – California would come in as a free state, but escaped slaves would have to be returned to their owners as stated in the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850. Confederate States of America – the name adopted by the 11 Southern states that seceded from the Union during the Civil War Dred Scott Decision – An 1857 Supreme Court decision that said slaves were private property Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 – A law passed by Congress that required police in free states to help capture escaping slaves Kansas-Nebraska Act – An 1854 law passed by Congress that allowed each territory (Kansas and Nebraska) to decide whether to become free states or slave states Missouri Compromise – A law passed by Congress in 1820 that divided the Louisiana Territory into areas allowing slavery and areas outlawing slavery secede – To break away from a group, such as the Southern states seceding from the Union in 1861 Seneca Falls Convention – The country’s first women’s rights meeting, held in Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848 states’ rights – The belief that each state should be allowed to make its own decisions about issues affecting it Underground Railroad – A system of secret routes used by escaping slaves to reach freedom in the North or in Canada People John Brown – Abolitionist who led a raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in 1859 Frederick Douglas – Abolitionist and write who led the attack on slavery in the middle 1800s by describing his own enslavement. Stephen Douglas – a candidate for President in 1860 who supported states’ rights William Lloyd Garrison – Abolitionist and founder of the newspaper The Liberator in 1831 Abraham Lincoln – The 16th President of the United States from 1861 to 1865 who led the country during the Civil War. Lucretia Mott & Elizabeth Cady Stanton – Abolitionists and women’s rights leaders who helped organize the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 Harriet Beecher Stowe – Abolitionist and writer of Uncle Tom’s Cabin in 1851 Sojourner Truth – She was born into slavery, she was freed when she was 30 years old and age 46 began speaking out about the evils of slavery. She gave speeches in support of both abolition and women’s rights. Harriet Tubman – Abolitionist, Underground Railroad conductor, and spy for the Union Army during the Civil War. She helped hundreds of enslaved African Americans escape to freedom Nat Turner – Leader of a slave revolt against slave owners in Virginia in 1831 |
